History



We are not certain what is the origin of the name Arzachena. Among the various hypotheses given we do prefer to mention the one related to the environmental characteristics: the wind that blows almost tirelessly in the area, sometimes violent, some others in the form of calm breeze, guaranteeing a beautiful blue sky, with rarely brushed clouds, has given the of “place of blue”. The oldest mention of the name of Arzachena, in the form Arsaghene, dates back to 1421 in the Charter of Infeudation granted by Alfonso V of Spain to Ramboldo de Corbari. In prehistoric times, starting from the V century B.C. the oldest island’s settlement that carried the megalithic culture, has given birth to the cultural phenomenon known in the archaeological world as the “culture of Arzachena” In later times, the location near the sea and the availability and variety of natural resources have made the area particularly suitable and agreeable for the establishment of community based on economy development. Particularly during the Bronze Age, between the sixteenth century and the tenth century b. C., there is a dense documented population in the whole area. There is also a development of nuragica architectural art especially in funerary subject : the giants tombs. They are part of the nuraghi settlements of both type: simple and complex. Around the nuraghi are developed complete villages (see, for example, the complex of La Prisgiona and Malchittu). The cultural materials found during the archaeological excavation show the participation of the communities to commercial exchange around the island and out of it. In historical age, after sporadic Punic visits, are particularly significant As in most of the villages in the Gallura region, the choose of location for the birth of the village has been easier thanks to the presence of the eighteenth century rural church of Santa Maria Maggiore (now called Santa Maria della Neve), around which in 1776, by the will of Carlo Emanuele Filiberto, Vittorio Amedeo III of Savoy and the Bishop Francesco Guiso, Arzachena takes the form of town. the Roman presence, so as to be mentioned in itinerarium Antonianum (a sort of road map of the Old Roman Empire) the station Turibulum Minus, located between the Gulf of Arzachena and the modern town.